Will wrote: To suggest that Christ's atonement could be applied at that time would suggest that it could equally not be applied at all, or at least prior. If Christ died for him, in reality (the latter case), than it is true long before one reaches the judgment seat. If Christ actually propitiated the wrath of God for all for whom He died (1 Jn. 2:2), then God's wrath is removed in that sacrifice, and thus its not possible to apply it later...that would be hypothetical atonement (not the 'latter case').
Maybe this is not related, but surely the prophets (Abraham, Elijah, etc) are covered by the sacrifice of Christ since they died in the faith (Heb.11). However, they didn't know Jesus. In what way could they be accounted as Christians whereas law obeying Jews who didn't known Jesus (let's say Jews living in Persia in the middle ages) will go to hell?
But, regarding your scriptures, I didn't see a specific biblical passage that suggests that it is not possible for God to offer these counterfactual Christians the blood of Christ as an atoning sacrifice as payment for their sins. Your argument as I understand it is as follows:
A1) He who believes is not judged at the Judgment (John 3:18)
A2) He who disbelieves will be condemned at Judgment (Mark 16:16)
A3) He who is not born of God cannot see the Kingdom (John 3:3)
A4) Whoever believes in Jesus is born of God (I John 5:1)
A5) Hence, those who are judged at Judgment do not see the Kingdom
But, surely I don't have to go through a few examples of how erroneous results can be obtained by quoting scriptures as in this manner. I think you know well that we could come up with all sorts of ludicrous justifications by making this kind of argument. Well, just in case others don't see that possibility, I'll construct one:
B1) The Church is the body of Christ (I Cor. 12:27)
B2) Jesus is Christ (John 20:31)
B3) Jesus and the Father are One (John 10:30)
B4) Therefore, the Church is the Father
B5) Jesus was sent by the Father (John 5:36)
B6) Therefore, the Church sent Jesus
If I had more creativity, I'm sure we could really construct some real doozies with this kind of reasoning method. What I'm looking for is an actual perspective where it is clear that the New Testament rules out those counterfactual Christians coming before the Judgment seat and accepting Jesus' blood as atonement for their sins.