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#885 Buddhist Hell

April 28, 2024
Q

Dear Dr. Craig,

I am a Christian convert from Buddhism. I grew up in South Korea, where Buddhist traditions have been the backbone of the culture for over a thousand years, since the medieval Silla Kingdom. My family is also Buddhist and I once thought about becoming a Buddhist monk.

However, I found peace in the teachings of Jesus, and I converted to Christianity, wanting to be his disciple.

What has been bothering me lately, however, is a different matter altogether: the prophecies in the Sutras about those who do not believe in Buddhism.

I'm sure Dr. Craig is familiar with the peaceful Western version of Buddhism, which strips the religious aspect of Buddhism down to the bare essentials, such as Vipassana meditation. (I was appalled to hear that atheist Sam Harris practices Buddhism.) But the Buddhism practiced in South Korea, Japan, China, Tibet, and elsewhere is quite different.

In a book called Ōjōyōshū, written by the medieval Japanese monk Genshin, there are descriptions of sadistic and horrific hells (Naraka). The Abhidharmakośa-bhāsya also contains frightening descriptions of 133 Buddhist hells. These descriptions of hell are, to me, more terrifying than the Christian hell.

In one account of this hell, called Kāla-sūtra, sinners are laid down on a hot griddle, bound all over with hot iron straps, and then their bodies are sliced open by a saw while still alive. They are said to suffer this torment for about 13 trillion years.

There are many disgusting stories like this in the Buddhist hells, and the Buddhist worldview teaches that being born as a human is "harder than a blind turtle coming up out of the ocean every hundred years and sticking its head through a hollow tree," and that even if you are born as a human, if you don't practice Buddhism, you'll be reincarnated over and over again, landing in those aforementioned horrible places.

I don't believe in Buddhism anymore, but the mere listing of the horrific tortures in store for people like me in a religion I once fervently believed in is enough to make me lose my courage and hesitate.

Dr. Craig, I need your help. I wish all these stories from Buddhism were nothing more than legends made up by imaginative monks. I am also aware of the grim fate of those who have not heard the gospel in Christianity. In essence, both religions explicitly claim that there is no salvation outside of their religion, and both claim that the consequences will be very painful and deadly. I feel deep down that Christianity is right, but I still tremble with fear when I think about the pain I would face if I were wrong.

Please tell me what I can do to avoid being torn between the hells of both religions.

Seung-hun

Flag of Korea, South. Korea, South

Photo of Dr. Craig.

Dr. craig’s response


A

Thank you, Seung-hun, for your most interesting letter! I’m sure it’s a real eye-opener for many Westerners. I remember how surprised I was when Jan and I visited various Buddhist temples in China and saw paintings on the walls of these Buddhist hells. They reminded me of the gory depictions of hell by Hieronymus Bosch!

You need to realize that because you have been raised in a Buddhist culture and were a Buddhist yourself, it is very hard for you to divest yourself emotionally from a tradition that has been so deeply instilled into you. This is only natural psychologically. You must strive mightily to let your rational mind direct your emotions instead of the reverse.

Obviously, you do not need to be afraid of threats that are groundless. So you need to ask yourself what grounds there are for the truth of these threats of Buddhist hell. I think you will probably agree that there are just no good reasons to think that these threats are true. Indeed, I don’t think there are any good reasons to think that Buddhism is true (take a look at my dialogue in Hong Kong with the Buddhist SIK Fa Ren https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LdezqXmtJfA&t=9s).

By contrast, there are very good grounds for thinking that God exists and has revealed himself decisively in Jesus of Nazareth. While I rejoice that you have “found peace in the teachings of Jesus,” I’m a bit worried by the subjective character of that statement. We don’t believe in Jesus just to find peace but because his claims are objectively true. So if you haven’t yet done so, I’d strongly encourage you to familiarize yourself with the sort of arguments and evidence in support of Christianity that I share in my book Reasonable Faith, 3rd ed. Having a strong understanding of the objective basis of Christian faith will help you not to be afraid of empty Buddhist threats.

Moreover, it’s worth emphasizing that we do not simply follow “the teachings of Jesus.” Jesus is not just a Christian Buddha. Rather he is our Risen Savior, who by his atoning death has freed us from sin and won our salvation. We should seek to draw near to him in worship, love, and gratitude. The most powerful thing that you can do to free yourself of these groundless fears is to draw near to Christ and appropriate his power.

We have a Reasonable Faith chapter in Seoul directed by Chan Jun Park. If you are nearby, you may want to look him up <chanjun.park@reasonablefaithorg.onmicrosoft.com>.

- William Lane Craig